Washington D.C., September 16, 2010
—Even as economies globally were contracting as a result of the financial crisis in 2009, access to formal finance in developing countries grew. An estimated 2.7 billion people around the world have no access to formal financial services. But the picture of financial inclusion is shifting, finds a new report by CGAP and the World Bank Group.
Financial Access 2010
is the second annual survey of financial regulators in more than 140 countries covering the turbulent period between 2008 and 2009. It shows that the number of bank accounts worldwide was growing even as the volume of loan and deposit accounts dropped. Sixty-five deposit accounts were added per 1,000 adults in 2009, representing a 4.3 percent average growth in the number of deposit accounts. Use of credit services suffered more than that of deposit services from the financial crisis, and the number of loans per 1,000 adults was broadly unchanged between 2008 and 2009.
“Access to savings and payments accounts is a basic need,” said Nataliya Mylenko, the report’s lead author. “The fact that people were using basic deposit services more, even as world financial markets were experiencing high volatility, confirms how essential these services are to help families manage through risky and uncertain periods.”
In conjunction with a worldwide effort supported by the Group of 20 to improve the measurement of financial access, policy makers are committing to an agenda that promotes financial inclusion. “As there are increasing calls for more and better data around financial inclusion, including from the G20, the annual
Financial Access
survey will provide key data and help monitor progress over time,” said
Alexia Latortue
, CGAP’s Deputy Chief Executive Officer.
The report
also presents the first comparable global data on lending to small and medium enterprises (SMEs), estimated at US$10 trillion in 2009.
Financial Access 2010
shows that regulators are often hampered by a lack of resources or enforcement powers to implement policies for financial inclusion. Nonetheless, the report also shows promising trends, including the expansion of retail infrastructure and use of new technologies to deliver financial services cost effectively.
Globally, one bank branch, five ATMs, and 167 point-of-sale terminals were added per 100,000 adults in 2009. For the first time, the number of ATMs exceeded the number of bank branches in low-income countries. But low- and middle-income countries still lag behind high-income countries in terms of physical outreach.
“New technologies such as mobile payments and Internet banking are likely to further reinforce this shifting picture of financial inclusion,” said Oya Pinar Ardic, an author of the report.
Whether it is countries’ commitment to policy change or the numbers of people gaining services who were previously unbanked, the broad patterns of financial inclusion detailed in
Financial Access 2010
are promising.
“We hope that policy makers will use this data to inform their approach as they work to close the financial access gap,” said Janamitra Devan, the World Bank Group’s Vice President and Head of Network for Financial and Private Sector Development.
About CGAP (Consultative Group to Assist the Poor)
CGAP is an independent policy and research center dedicated to advancing financial access for the world’s poor. It is supported by over 30 development agencies and private foundations who share a common mission to alleviate poverty. Housed at the World Bank, CGAP provides market intelligence, promotes standards, develops innovative solutions, and offers advisory services to governments, microfinance providers, donors, and investors. CGAP works toward a world in which poor people are considered valued clients of their country’s financial system.
About the World Bank Group
The World Bank Group is one of the world’s largest sources of funding and knowledge for developing countries. It comprises five closely associated institutions: the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development (IBRD) and the International Development Association (IDA), which together form the World Bank; the International Finance Corporation (IFC); the Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency (MIGA); and the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes (ICSID). Each institution plays a distinct role in the mission to fight poverty and improve living standards for people in the developing world. For more information, please visit
www.worldbank.org
,
www.miga.org
, and
www.ifc.org
.
